The Incretin Concept: From Gut to Glory The story begins with the incretin effectthe observation that glucose taken by mouth triggers a much stronger insulin response by increasing the production of hormones in the pancreas, compared to when it is injected directly into a vein
The Shaking Mistake: We mentioned it above, but it bears repeating
Jung HC, Eckmann L, Yang SK, Panja A, Fierer J, Morzycka-Wroblewska E, Kagnoff MF: A distinct array of proinflammatory cytokines is expressed in human colon epithelial cells in response to bacterial invasion
It appears to be superior to all predecessors in magnitude of weight gain and hemoglobin A1c reduction
"That could yield the superiority," Lontoft said
Klotho, a gene related to a syndrome resembling human premature aging, functions in a negative regulatory circuit of vitamin D endocrine system